![]() The violation of this principle leads to special effects, which are avoided in counterpoint. In counterpoint, the functional independence of voices is the prime concern. Octavio Agustin has extended the model to microtonal contexts. In particular, Mazzola's model gives a structural (and not psychological) foundation of forbidden parallels of fifths and the dissonant fourth. Work initiated by Guerino Mazzola (born 1947) has given counterpoint theory a mathematical foundation. The way that is accomplished in detail is. The internal structures that create each of the voices separately must contribute to the emergent structure of the polyphony, which in turn must reinforce and comment on the structures of the individual voices. It is harder to write several individually beautiful songs that, when sung simultaneously, sound as a more beautiful polyphonic whole. ![]() Counterpoint focuses on melodic interaction-only secondarily on the harmonies produced by that interaction. The term "counterpoint" has been used to designate a voice or even an entire composition. Compositions written in free counterpoint often incorporate non-traditional harmonies and chords, chromaticism and dissonance. ![]() Imitative counterpoint involves the repetition of a main melodic idea across different vocal parts, with or without variation. There are several different forms of counterpoint, including imitative counterpoint and free counterpoint. In Western pedagogy, counterpoint is taught through a system of species (see below). The term originates from the Latin punctus contra punctum meaning "point against point", i.e. ![]() It has been most commonly identified in the European classical tradition, strongly developing during the Renaissance and in much of the common practice period, especially in the Baroque period. In music, counterpoint is the relationship between two or more musical lines (or voices) which are harmonically interdependent yet independent in rhythm and melodic contour. Problems playing this file? See media help. ![]()
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